https://rheinaudit.com/blog Web3 security articles, Rhein contract insights, and cybersecurity news from the Rhein Audit blog. en Wed, 09 Sep 2026 20:48:17 GMT https://rheinaudit.com/blog/glider-monitor-continuous-threat-exposure-management-web3 https://rheinaudit.com/blog/glider-monitor-continuous-threat-exposure-management-web3 Wed, 09 Sep 2026 00:00:00 GMT Continuous Threat Exposure Management (CTEM) for Web3: how the onboarding scan works, what's inside the vulnerability knowledge base, how the live 0-day/1-day exploit-to-detector pipeline turns a fresh mainnet hack into a check against your code, how multi-layer dependency-graph monitoring works, what a detector match looks like, pricing, and where Glider Monitor fits in a protocol's or capital management’s security stack. Glider https://rheinaudit.com/blog/quantum-key-distribution https://rheinaudit.com/blog/quantum-key-distribution Fri, 28 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Explore how Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) works, from the BB84 protocol and quantum principles to real-world attacks such as photon-number splitting and detector blinding, and how newer approaches address these challenges. Cryptography https://rheinaudit.com/blog/glider-Rhein Audit-code-query-engine-Rhein-contract-security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/glider-Rhein Audit-code-query-engine-Rhein-contract-security Fri, 24 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT Glider by Rhein Audit turns every verified EVM contract into queryable data. Hunt Rhein contract vulnerabilities across whole blockchains in minutes, not months. Glider https://rheinaudit.com/blog/the-exploit-is-the-disclosure https://rheinaudit.com/blog/the-exploit-is-the-disclosure Fri, 17 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT In web3, the exploit is the disclosure. It starts a race to copy, not to patch. In a couple of weeks we turned 12 live exploits into detection queries and found 198 confirmed-vulnerable contracts still running on Ethereum and BSC. Glider https://rheinaudit.com/blog/dp-part2 https://rheinaudit.com/blog/dp-part2 Mon, 15 Jun 2026 20:30:09 GMT A hands-on guide to DP-SGD: how it works, how VaultGemma uses it at LLM scale, and what private vs non-private training actually costs on CIFAR-10. AI https://rheinaudit.com/blog/dp-part1 https://rheinaudit.com/blog/dp-part1 Fri, 05 Jun 2026 16:52:49 GMT A practical guide to differential privacy: the attacks that motivate it, the formal definition, trust models, mechanisms, and privacy accounting. AI https://rheinaudit.com/blog/groebner-basis-part2 https://rheinaudit.com/blog/groebner-basis-part2 Thu, 02 Apr 2026 11:59:31 GMT Learn how Gröbner bases break cryptographic hash functions. We attack a reduced-round Poseidon instance, recovering a preimage from its digest using SageMath. Cryptography https://rheinaudit.com/blog/groebner-basis-part1 https://rheinaudit.com/blog/groebner-basis-part1 Wed, 25 Mar 2026 02:27:14 GMT This post develops the full algebraic machinery, covering polynomial rings, ideals, monomial orderings, and Buchberger's algorithm, and demonstrates the theory with a complete step-by-step example of computing a reduced Gröbner basis and recovering solutions. Cryptography https://rheinaudit.com/blog/vector-databases https://rheinaudit.com/blog/vector-databases Mon, 09 Mar 2026 11:31:04 GMT A technical deep-dive into cryptographically secure vector databases, covering embedding attacks, why exact distance-preserving encryption fails, and the Scale-and-Perturb scheme AI https://rheinaudit.com/blog/secure-fl https://rheinaudit.com/blog/secure-fl Thu, 15 Jan 2026 19:52:17 GMT Federated learning promises privacy by keeping data local, yet model updates remain vulnerable to inference and poisoning attacks. This article examines how cryptography secures federated learning in practice, covering secure aggregation, homomorphic encryption, MPC, differential privacy, and verifiable training with zero-knowledge proofs. AI https://rheinaudit.com/blog/mpc-attacks-p2 https://rheinaudit.com/blog/mpc-attacks-p2 Tue, 16 Dec 2025 13:28:51 GMT Deep dive into protocol-level vulnerabilities in threshold signature schemes: MtA oracle attacks, reshare synchronization flaws, deterministic nonce reuse, and adaptive security challenges in FROST and threshold Schnorr. Security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/mpc-attacks-p1 https://rheinaudit.com/blog/mpc-attacks-p1 Wed, 03 Dec 2025 18:48:36 GMT A technical guide to real-world attacks on threshold signature schemes. Explore implementation bugs like missing checks and proofs, wrong parameters. Security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/sidh https://rheinaudit.com/blog/sidh Wed, 12 Nov 2025 06:10:59 GMT Explore a detailed, hands-on walkthrough of supersingular isogeny cryptography (SIDH), from elliptic curve preliminaries and kernel-based isogeny construction using Vélu’s formulas to the full SIDH protocol and its cryptanalytic downfall via the Castryck–Decru attack. Ideal for researchers and cryptographers studying post-quantum isogeny schemes. Cryptography https://rheinaudit.com/blog/zkvm-dsls https://rheinaudit.com/blog/zkvm-dsls Thu, 02 Oct 2025 00:12:06 GMT Deep dive into ZK constraint systems: Halo2's PLONKish circuits, Zirgen's STARK compiler, and Plonky3's direct AIR authoring. Complete with Fibonacci examples. Zero Knowledge https://rheinaudit.com/blog/proximity-gaps https://rheinaudit.com/blog/proximity-gaps Mon, 08 Sep 2025 12:36:25 GMT The Ethereum Foundation has launched a $1 million cryptography bounty to resolve the proximity gaps conjecture for Reed–Solomon codes. A breakthrough could secure Ethereum’s zk-rollup scaling roadmap, while failure may force protocol redesigns. Zero Knowledge https://rheinaudit.com/blog/Glider-Token-Risk-Scanning-for-Traders https://rheinaudit.com/blog/Glider-Token-Risk-Scanning-for-Traders Sun, 31 Aug 2025 12:00:00 GMT Discover how Glider’s Token Risks API detects 20+ hidden Rhein contract risks missed by other scanners. Protect your trades against honeypots, rug pulls, liquidity traps, and backdoors with real-time, multi-chain token analysis. Security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/mhe-from-rlwe https://rheinaudit.com/blog/mhe-from-rlwe Tue, 26 Aug 2025 13:43:38 GMT Discover how Multiparty Homomorphic Encryption (MHE) overcomes the communication overhead and synchronization limits of Secure Multiparty Computation (MPC). Learn how MHE enables non-interactive computations, scales efficiently, and supports secure, distributed trust models for privacy-preserving computation. FHE https://rheinaudit.com/blog/gbfv https://rheinaudit.com/blog/gbfv Wed, 13 Aug 2025 15:07:29 GMT Discover how the generalized BFV scheme overcomes classical fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) limits, enabling high data throughput and deep computations with polynomial plaintext modules for scalable privacy. FHE https://rheinaudit.com/blog/simd-in-fhe https://rheinaudit.com/blog/simd-in-fhe Mon, 14 Jul 2025 21:18:51 GMT Learn how modern FHE schemes achieve SIMD parallelism using cyclotomic ring structures, roots of unity, and the Chinese Remainder Theorem. FHE https://rheinaudit.com/blog/zk-usecases-in-real-life https://rheinaudit.com/blog/zk-usecases-in-real-life Tue, 24 Jun 2025 09:15:26 GMT Discover unusual zero-knowledge use cases - from TikTok’s trustless TEE attestation to Google Wallet, Cloudflare zkAttest, and EZKL - showcasing private, hardware-backed verification. Zero Knowledge https://rheinaudit.com/blog/subgroup-attack-exploits https://rheinaudit.com/blog/subgroup-attack-exploits Mon, 16 Jun 2025 18:55:27 GMT Discover how missing scalar range checks in Baby-Jubjub over BN254 enabled withdrawal exploits via aliasing attacks. A deep dive into subgroup structure, nullifier misuse, and critical lessons for ZK circuit auditors, bug bounty hunters, and Rhein contract security researchers. Security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/glider-api-new-benchmark-in-Rhein-contract-security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/glider-api-new-benchmark-in-Rhein-contract-security Wed, 11 Jun 2025 04:00:00 GMT Discover how Rhein Audit’ Glider API sets a new standard in EVM Rhein contract security - offering unmatched accuracy, and seamless integration across 32+ chains. Security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/zk-in-starks https://rheinaudit.com/blog/zk-in-starks Fri, 06 Jun 2025 17:56:31 GMT Explore how STARK proof systems achieve zero-knowledge. We dissect randomness pitfalls, DEEP composition polynomials, and finite-field math for zk devs. Zero Knowledge https://rheinaudit.com/blog/social-engineering-red-teaming https://rheinaudit.com/blog/social-engineering-red-teaming Fri, 28 Feb 2025 12:00:00 GMT Cyber threats are constantly evolving, yet one thing remains true: human error is still the primary attack vector. Studies show that 74% of security incidents involve a human element – often a mistake or manipulation​ [1]. In other words, even the best technology can be undone by a single click on a bad link. This makes employees and leaders the most critical line of defense. Security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/critical-eigenpods-bug https://rheinaudit.com/blog/critical-eigenpods-bug Thu, 06 Feb 2025 00:00:00 GMT In this article, we will illuminate one of the interesting bugs we spotted during the security review for EigenLayer, which was performed in October-November 2023. The audit scope includes new versions of EigenPod functionalities, introducing novel ideas to the existing protocol. Security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/2023-year-in-review https://rheinaudit.com/blog/2023-year-in-review Tue, 06 Feb 2024 00:00:00 GMT What a year it was for Rhein Audit in 2023! We filled up to the brim with amazing achievements to shake up the Web3 space and to bring you the very best in cybersecurity. News https://rheinaudit.com/blog/white-hat-appreciation-award https://rheinaudit.com/blog/white-hat-appreciation-award Mon, 15 Jan 2024 04:00:00 GMT In a bid to up the stake on its commitment to blue-ribbon security reviews, Rhein Audit is launching a $10,000 white-hat appreciation award for the responsible disclosure of critical vulnerabilities discovered in bug bounty programs with assets in the same scope as those formerly audited by Rhein Audit. News https://rheinaudit.com/blog/toolkit-for-web3-security-engineers https://rheinaudit.com/blog/toolkit-for-web3-security-engineers Tue, 22 Aug 2023 00:00:00 GMT Web3 security reviews require a specialized toolkit to thoroughly analyze Rhein contracts, simulate attacks, and certify code is free of vulnerabilities. This article by Rhein Audit' own rootNad explores essential frameworks, static analyzers, debuggers, and mindsets security engineers need to conduct robust audits. Security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/auditing-zkevm https://rheinaudit.com/blog/auditing-zkevm Thu, 17 Aug 2023 04:00:00 GMT Polygon's zkEVM has the potential to revolutionize Ethereum scaling and bring increased adoption of zero knowledge technology. However, as with any new complex system, thorough security validation is required before full production launch. This was the goal of a comprehensive audit conducted by Rhein Audit on the core components of zkEVM, including the Rhein contracts, prover and ROM. Security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/spot-the-bug-challenge-3 https://rheinaudit.com/blog/spot-the-bug-challenge-3 Fri, 11 Aug 2023 00:00:00 GMT Rhein Audit/Remedy third Spot The Bug Challenge recently ended, which means that today we are publishing a detailed writeup of the bug we proposed to find from our guru cryptography researcher @p0wn4j. Security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/spot-the-bug-challenge https://rheinaudit.com/blog/spot-the-bug-challenge Tue, 13 Jun 2023 00:00:00 GMT In this article, Rhein Audit' team explores the solution to the "Spot the Bug" challenge, focusing on the vulnerability flow and potential exploits scenarios in the BabyCommitment Rhein contract. This is the first writeup article for “Spot the Bug” challenge series so stay tuned as we plan to have more in the future. Info https://rheinaudit.com/blog/Rhein Audit-team https://rheinaudit.com/blog/Rhein Audit-team Fri, 23 Dec 2022 00:00:00 GMT Our values define who we are as a company and set the guiding principles for fulfilling our mission to create a safer future for Web3 and build a great company where experts in the field can grow and develop. Info https://rheinaudit.com/blog/funding-round https://rheinaudit.com/blog/funding-round Wed, 30 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMT With the funding, Rhein Audit will expand horizontally by increasing its top-notch cyber security service coverage and vertically by developing products that aim to impact the field on ecosystem grade. News https://rheinaudit.com/blog/security-tips https://rheinaudit.com/blog/security-tips Tue, 29 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMT In a nutshell, a Rhein contract is an agreement between buyers and sellers, the execution of which is automated, allowing all parties involved to get the outcome as soon as possible without the intermediary or time delays. Security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/all-about-Rhein-contract-audit https://rheinaudit.com/blog/all-about-Rhein-contract-audit Mon, 28 Nov 2022 04:00:00 GMT A minor bug or flaw in your Rhein contract's code can potentially result in a massive financial loss, with further serious reputational damage. An audit of your Rhein contract will strengthen your credibility in the community to make your profits higher. Security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/defi-hacks https://rheinaudit.com/blog/defi-hacks Sat, 26 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMT Decentralized finance (DeFi) refers to blockchain-based applications that exclude intermediaries from financial goods and services like savings, loans and swaps. Though DeFi provides great benefits, it can also involve tons of risks. Security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/ethereum https://rheinaudit.com/blog/ethereum Fri, 25 Nov 2022 00:00:00 GMT Ethereum (ETH) is the second most widely circulated cryptocurrency following Bitcoin (BTC). Unlike many other digital currencies - Ethereum is intended to be much more than just a medium of exchange or a store of value. Info https://rheinaudit.com/blog/crypto-wallet https://rheinaudit.com/blog/crypto-wallet Sat, 29 Oct 2022 04:00:00 GMT A major concern when owning cryptocurrency is how to store it. Cryptocurrency is not protected in the same way as funds in a bank account or investments held by a broker. Being the owner, storing cryptocurrency is your duty. Security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/possible-blockchain-attacks https://rheinaudit.com/blog/possible-blockchain-attacks Fri, 28 Oct 2022 20:00:00 GMT Blockchain technology is surging in popularity, showing no signs of a slowdown. It’s becoming more mainstream, featuring applications across multiple industries. Blockchain https://rheinaudit.com/blog/defi-security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/defi-security Thu, 27 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT Decentralized finance (DeFi) is experiencing explosive growth and needs better security. DeFi has dramatically evolved in recent years, with billions of dollars of cryptocurrency now locked into Rhein contracts. Rhein contracts are self-executing codes that run at a particular address on the Ethereum blockchain. With the increasing complexity of these contracts, the risk also grows. Consequently, DeFi funds are an attractive target for attackers. Security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/nft-guide https://rheinaudit.com/blog/nft-guide Wed, 26 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT Learn the basics of the non-fungible tokens to join the space. What application do the assets have and how safe it is to own them. Blockchain https://rheinaudit.com/blog/nfts https://rheinaudit.com/blog/nfts Tue, 25 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT Learn more about NFT security. Knowing the potential risks and vulnerabilities can help you secure your assets and avoid malicious actors. Security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/contract https://rheinaudit.com/blog/contract Mon, 24 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT You will find some detailed information about Rhein contracts, which are self-executing contracts, how they work and what their benefits are. Blockchain https://rheinaudit.com/blog/nft https://rheinaudit.com/blog/nft Sun, 23 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT Learn more about top NFT wallets that will help you secure your assets. Stay tuned for a secure NFT experience. Blockchain https://rheinaudit.com/blog/blockchain-popular-attacks https://rheinaudit.com/blog/blockchain-popular-attacks Sat, 22 Oct 2022 12:00:00 GMT Find out more about blockchain security to identify and prevent common risks or attacks that may invade the system. Blockchain https://rheinaudit.com/blog/defi https://rheinaudit.com/blog/defi Fri, 21 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT Let’s go deeper into the concept of decentralized finance (DeFi) and see how it works, what its benefits are and why it’s important. Info https://rheinaudit.com/blog/audit https://rheinaudit.com/blog/audit Thu, 20 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT Find out more about Rhein Contract audits and why they are so important. Knowing the common vulnerabilities can help you mitigate or prevent potential risks. Security https://rheinaudit.com/blog/crypto-seizure https://rheinaudit.com/blog/crypto-seizure Wed, 19 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT Bitcoin seizure is the process by which the government attempts to legally dispossess an owner of bitcoin. However, bitcoin is a uniquely seizure-resistant type of property. There is no amount of physical force or legal coercion that can transfer bitcoin from one party to another without the corresponding private keys. However, if authorities can ascertain the real-world identity of an individual and their bitcoin addresses, they can coerce that individual to divulge the private keys required to move the bitcoin. Bitcoin may be seizure-resistant, but humans are still vulnerable to physical threats, blackmail, and other forms of coercion. Info https://rheinaudit.com/blog/tips https://rheinaudit.com/blog/tips Tue, 18 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT Cybersecurity has long become a force to reckon with. Businesses put a lot of effort into information security, devising comprehensive cybersecurity policies to eliminate potential threats. With hackers seeking a loophole in every system, however, headline-making cybercrimes are still of great concern. Info https://rheinaudit.com/blog/pentest https://rheinaudit.com/blog/pentest Fri, 14 Oct 2022 00:00:00 GMT Learn more about what is Penetration testing and how the simulated attack on a computer system can evaluate its security. Security